Martiago is a municipality located in the province of Salamanca, Castile and León, Spain. According to the 2004 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 367 inhabitants. The municipality is known because of its flat lands favourable for wars. The origin of the name Martiago comes from "Marte" and "Terra" which means: "Tierra de Marte" (knowing that Marte is the God of War in the Greek mythology) or in other words, meaning that it was there where some wars happened.